Worldwide Hotels Guide
Worldwide hotels offer
Make a difference in large geographical areas, the current situation of hotel offerings and responsive structures, it can be schematically divided as follows.
In countries with a tourism greatly facilitated by the large tour operator Mediterranean coast and islands of Spain, the largest Greek island, Tunisia and Morocco costs the countries of Center and South America, they have been developed, often in a disorganized way, hotel offers and tourist centers characterized by the presence of large hotels, located in very attractive areas, certainly equipped with a wide range of services as shown as beautiful as they appear in catalogs from operators who have the responsibility to fill them, but often poorly done, with ordinary furniture and inadequate maintenance. There are hotels on offer particularly advantageous prices on behalf of major tour promoters who proposes accommodation for trips to lower price rates apply only an occasional client, on the other hand, much larger
These same geographical areas which have seen at identifying a number of hotels belonging large chains, with hotel offers and diverse clientele (not only by tourists, sent by the tour operators) and with controlled standards for more comfort.
The incidence of large complex receptive to the small dimensions is the most typical characteristics of these geographic areas, labeled by the hotel offers the logic of the major travel promoters.
They are getting pensions and hostels, small receptive exercises are almost always administered as small homes or they are simply arranged by the houses where rooms or apartments are rented.
Diversified hotel offers
In more industrialized countries are those where the spread of tourism are older and consolidated, the receptive structure is very varied, both the hotel. There is a consistent sector susceptibilities called complementary rung or additional hotel beside hotel structures, consisting of homes, campsites, holiday resorts, inns, holiday apartments, private accommodation.
Everywhere the right equipment, comfort, cleanliness in the offering hotel reaches an acceptable level. Especially in Germany, Holland, Scandinavia, especially if the urban avoid accommodation of any kind is comfortable and inviting.
In contrast to the countries included in the area marked with number 1), the richest European countries, the hotel offers traditionally based on small individual initiative.
Today is not receptive structure can live waiting for the customer, client or occasionally. The client sought, cheering you with hotel offers, hotel reservation should be simplified, service standards should be ensured admit rising costs: most people request rooms with bathroom, telephone and television, with all the comforts that make them not lose their own houses.
Thus was developed the associations among the hotel owners, the classification of services for booking together, sharing of costs, management of the hotel offer.
Hotel chains have spread in all countries provide similar services that allow quick booking through free telephone calls, the last twenty four hours.
Born in the USA, country where the most famous hotel chains are currently used in Europe as well, by Hilton, the Marriott, Ramada, Holiday Inn, in an initial aggregate chains only hotels of higher category, the most luxurious, most expensive and also from the view of hotel offers.
Today is no longer in this way, beside the main chains, equipped with expensive hotels as Hilton, Sheraton and Holiday Inn, Americans as cigarettes and the Italian Jolly Hotel, Sofitel and the French, the Swiss Hotelplan, the British fort, chains with more modest category hotels and more affordable thus diversifying the hotel offers.
Hotel services and facilities>
France and Italy, countries of the oldest tourist tradition to present a fractional receptive structure that aims to get individual tourism.
Like Giorgio Castoldi writes in "Manual of tourist techniques", Hoepli, in Italy, a hand is favored by the persistent appearance in the big cities, in big deals on hotels in higher categories, equipped with the most modern services (conference rooms with additional equipment, faxes, internal TV circuit, etc.) easily reservables from anywhere in the world hosting mostly people traveling on business issues and the other hand, when maintaining the offer of small hotels, most of the time with the family management of lower category, those who prefer not to grow in order to change their administration, based on the work of people motivated by the good operation of the business and are willing to sacrifice that could not be asked to clerks in general hotels. Their work is often not quantified: the whole family together, from children to old men, often in partial manner, or in very busy moments, without the use of some retaliation. Therefore, these hotels are in a position to use and affordable for the average tourist, to family vacations. They are usually able to obtain sufficient earnings for the whole family with hotels to offer only four or five months a year. When the season is complete rest old men, children returned to their school, the rest is responsible for maintenance, repair, and hotel offers to customers for the following season.
These small-format hotels, with generally seasonal operation represents most hotels in Italy, and they are the backbone of a receptive structure that does not adapt to the demands of large operators who need hotels offer great facilities internally reservables. For this reason, Italy is not the goal of shelter for large tour operators in Northern Europe, in contrast to countries like Greece and Spain. The negative aspect of this approach, for Italy, lies on the fact that by doing so, it is given up to a wide range of potential customers who would assure the steady floowe of tourists, the hotels offer differentiated beyond the traditional periods of high season. The positive aspect is based on the fact that individual customers representing higher profits for the hotels, tour operator while the client is safe start for many months in the year that complies with the deal, but pay little and late. It is not just that large tour operators seeking to offer many more hotels, which usually alter the landscape and atmosphere, transforming the coasts, as has happened in much of Spain, Greece and Tunisia, in urban centers dominated by the impressive profiles of the major hotels.
Changes in the hotels offers in Italy
Essential changes in the hotels offer is being witnessed in Italy. Small pensions have declined in number because the client type of these hotels, fundamentally families during holidays, always use self-catering type structures (trailer houses, rooms for rent, etc.).
Besides the increase in the offer of higher category hotels that meet a tourism different from the a recreation, it offers three-star hotels, which, in Italy, an average of 39 rooms. Divorced from the family administration, but to keep their opening to the seasons. These hotels are fundamentally situated in regions that target recreational tourism: the region that more hotel deals currently Trentino-Alto Adige, Emilia Romagna, and the Tuscan.
Why? Probably because these hotels represent the Italian response to the demand of tour operators. These hotels are the conditions for submission of groups provides work for longer seasons in relation to small hotels, therefore cope with higher costs than their administration implies.
Even with demand the tour, these hotels are able to extend the traditional seasons of recreational tourism thanks to the hotels offer to congresses, manifestations, and agreements with extralaboral organizations or units of public attendance, filling facilities in low season.
In a nutshell, the situation for the hotels offer in Italy as schematized follows:
Higher category hotels, in large installations, mainly dedicated to business tourism, increase in number thanks to the growth of this form on demand to meet their hotels offer;
Low category hotels, small installations, temporarily, of family management, is still in some regions middle of the hotel has to offer, they have family in the holidays as a client-type, which decreases in number compared to amend families'demand, with a strong tendency to self-catering;
Medium Category hotels grow to meet the particular demand of the group of tourism operators, organizers of congresses, support units, they are often exercises of lower category, growing, transform their management, they make it more professional and less family-like, in order to meet this new demand for their hotels offer.
Classification and hotels booking
Concerning Italy, the law separates the hotel services:
– Hotels: receptive services are open to public, with unified administration offers accommodation, food and possibly other accessory services, thanks to reservation of rooms in hotels;
– Motel: hotel specially equipped to stop and services of vehicles or craft assure them repair services and fuel supply;
– Villages Hotel: hotels, which, in one area, providing centralized services to users of residence units located in several businesses.
This difference apart to replace the traditional structure among the hotels, pensions and inns, cancels the breakdown in the traditional categories (from first to fourth), and keep the same rules for booking rooms in hotels.
The law states that hotels must be labeled in decreasing order, from 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1 star. The included term "luxury" is also provision for a five-star hotels classified according to typical standards of international class.
Local authorities must establish criteria for classification of susceptible structures, taking into account the dimensions of the structural requirements, the services offered and the qualification of specialists, the criteria and guidance in booking rooms. The law limited itself to establish the minimum requirements shall have the receptive services to be classified as hotels. They are:
– Reception capacity not less than seven rooms;
– Presence of at least one hygiene service for every ten beds;
– A bathroom with hot and cold current of water for each room;
– A space for common use;
– Technological facilities and an appropriate amount of qualified specialists for operating the plant.
To determine the categories of hotels that is to assign a sufficient number of stars, it is used a punctuation reflects the quality the best range of facilities, services, the hotels are able to guarantee the location etc. In this case, as described before for travel agents, local law is quite uniform and use very similar functions, as well as for booking rooms. They sell for one-star hotels have a characteristic for which at least thirty points must be indicated the two-stars at least eighty points up the 340 points for five-star luxury hotels.
The private bathroom in all rooms are within 30 points if 90% of the rooms are equipped with bathroom 25 points, must be granted if the rooms with bathroom is 70% of the points which must be 20, etc.
Night Porter ensures 10 points and 24-hour room service, direct dial telephone in each room gives 8 points, the same thing for telex, color TV in every room accounts 5 points, black and white television 4 for a covered pool 10 points, the uncovered a 5 and so on.
The classification of hotels is conducted at the request of the hotel itself, which must indicate in his application that punctuation reached, the result of the sum of the parameters that they offer.
The entity to which the request is made varies from region to region. In some cases it is the province of other region itself. Transfer of category happens after a confirmation from the competent organization.
Request for renewal every five year.
Therefore, one could consider that an objective classification as set always gives the evaluations, and that hotel classifications are assigned uniform. In reality, it does not work that way: hotels with the same number of stars present, often of different quality standards.
The reasons are many. The hotel classification must renovated every five years, it has been said. Many considered this a very long period where it was originally available equipment could fall. If televisions in break rooms, and is not repaired, if minibars moved if elevators stop if the garage closes, if the reservation of rooms is inaccurate and creates dissatisfaction, such matters can be increased over the following years.
In many regions, the checks must be done either when the category should be allocated or when to be checked that conditions have not been changed, is not sufficiently rigorous.
And quality of hotel service consists of so many elements that can not be measured precisely: a hotel, can have television, telephone and minibar in room, may have elevators, pool, garage and restaurant, which will classify a better category but if cleaning is to be questioned when booking rooms malfunctioning if bathroom faucets leak, if windows do not close if the rooms walls are dirty, the beds crack if staff is not competent, that the high punctuation hotel is really worth a modest service.
You could say that this point must have a market control: unsatisfied customer does not return to the hotels where they have been inadequately treated. The word is about, will gain new customers, request a room reservation. But the special role at the hotel, where new customers are constantly going through, which often makes booking rooms in hotels through CRS, without knowing the hotel where they will be given, without their choice and reservations under anyone's advised previously at the hotel, everything this leads to a reduced control.
The options are three approaches:
a rigorous and coherent public scrutiny (as it is made in Austria and Switzerland);
a check on behalf of consumer organizations (especially prevalent in countries like Germany and the United Kingdom);
a associative control: incorporating hotels to consortia, associations, groups, chains receive checks from the associations to which they belong, so the client that makes booking rooms in hotels belonging to a particular group, that the hotel has guaranteed the qualitative standard of the group.
The latter control is, so far, what in Italy seems to be more effective.
The stars classification applied in Italy is at the bottom, similar to that used in most European countries. Therefore the tourist traveling through Europe should not have problems to assess the quality of hotel service.
More difficult might be the election when he travels outside Europe: there are many countries where the hotel classifications do not exist.
Prices and hotel reservations
Hotels freely set prices on their services and should you at the time the customer's reservations, either for knowledge to the regions to leave control to the same organizations designated to provide categories.
Lists of hotels have been renovated at least once a year, and they can anticipate different prices depending on the seasons (high, low and middle) and under hotel reservations. Various rates are generally expressed as:
– Single room with bath and beyond,
– Double rooms with and without bath
– Complete pension in the room with and without bath
– Half board in a room with and without bath
– Supplement for closed beds,
– Prices of food.
All these prices can be assorted between minimum and maximum. This is justified by the position and structure of the different spaces: the broadest, more comfortable rooms, for, the less noisy, etc., are more expensive than the smaller, darker and noisier of hotels. Therefore, prices ranged from a minimum to a maximum for single rooms without bath, the single bathroom with them, to twice, with and without bath and hence the treatment of half pension and full pension. Besides the price also depends on who make reservations in the hotels where the client, the agency or tour operator.
The prices of the rooms, with IVA included, to appear in all rooms. Prices of other hotel services should be exposed in places, which are commonly used. Of course, the hotel clients are not asked for higher amounts than those requested on the rolls or have been agreed subject.
Prices of Italian hotels are subject to criticism in many parts.
Statistically they are among the highest in the world because the hotel owners have a tendency to declare the extremely high peak prices. Indeed, the most diverse rates of pay, depending on the season, the customer, development of the hotel market, the type of reservation. The result is that few customers pay the published rates. And the minimum rate is sometimes a tenth of the maximum price.
Except for special cases, predicts license picture pursue the commitment to opening up local all year, except for a period of leave, to be agreed with the municipal authorities and declared the public security authorities.
Only in cities that are tourist destinations can be temporarily granted licenses to predict opening for certain periods of the year. Opening schedules during the day set by the public security authority in accordance with the mayor.
Exercise license can be suspended for a hotel that shuts out more than eight days without giving the floor to public security authority.
> Hotel contract and hotel reservation
The hotel contract for hotel reservation, it is an itemized between hotelier and the customer. The hotel assumes the obligations of this contract is:
– Deposits supply and food to the customer and for the benefit of all services provided in the structure of the hotel (bar, television, telephone, alarm clock, laundry, etc.)
– Liability to humans:
– Should a doctor be called if they get sick
– Should check that they have no infectious diseases
– Should do mandatory authentication in case of death
– It is responsible to the parents and the midwife on charges of giving birth
– Should repay those who suffer damages from their responsibilities (for example, someone who falls on stairs, which has not had an adequate maintenance);
– Responsibilities of things on behalf of customers, after what is prescribed in the articles of the Civil Code.
Customer Obligations (reserved)
– The payment of the preset price or anticipated in the lists and arranged at the time of hotel reservation;
– Compliance with the times of arrival and departure foreseen in the contract and hotel booking, with this purposes, it is clear that unless other agreements, the room has been booked, recorded between 18.00 on day of arrival and availability before 14.00 on departure day;
– Care of the local, the client is filed, retain their integrity;
– Prohibition to develop in the hotel room any activity, especially dangerous or annoying, like ironing, cooking at the hotel, to make noise, etc..
The hotel is not a contract-type, in other words, it is not explicitly regulated in civil law. This fact sometimes leaves room for differentiated interpretations, especially those having to do with the subject hotel.
Among the most common unfulfilments on behalf of clients are:
– Client's failure to arrival, there had already made a reservation for the hotel. The hotel's owner protects itself make prepayment as a guarantee if the customer regularly use the services, it also serves as an advance on the final bill if the customer does not use the reserved services, it is so retained as compensation to the hotel;
– The customer is late arrival or early departure forcing hoteliers to lose the ability to dedicate rooms to other customers which were booked;
– The non-payment of bills on behalf of the customer. In this case the hotel owner is entitled to receive customer baggage fee for an official as a guarantee of his credit.
The hotel owns most common unfulfilment given when the customer who made a hotel booking, do not find it for free as agreed. In this case, the customer who has given a guarantee is entitled to a compensation, which comes up to twice this guarantee.
Hotel booking and types of hotel contracts
To illustrate this topic we refer, as an example, that an "International Hotel Convention on Contracts between hotel owners and tour operators", Covenant is between AIH and FUAAV few years ago.
a) Every hotel contract should be preceded by requests for hotel booking on behalf of agent and addressed to the hotel owner.
b) Each application unwritten hotel reservations will be confirmed through a written document (letter, telegram, telex, electronic, etc.).
c) Each application for hotel booking must explain the benefits offered. The cost of these may be mentioned in the same document. In this case payment will be guaranteed only by the agent until he becomes aware of those amounts.
Acceptance of applications for hotel reservations on behalf of the hotelier
a) The hotel contract will not be final until accepted by hotel booking on behalf of the hotel's owner, made pursuant to the dispositions of art. 11 a).
b) Such an acceptance of hotel reservations will consist of a written document (letter, telegram, telex, electronic, etc.) specifically refers to the application, and mention the price of the ordered services.
c) The confirmation of hotel booking should take place immediately or at least, three days after receipt of the application on behalf of the hotel owner.
d) If a travel agent requires a telegraphic reply, he must spend the kind of "reply paid".
Advances in Hotel Reservations
a) the hotelier will be able to subordinate the acceptance of the order of hotel booking, the introduction of an advance amount (guarantee deposit or cause).
This advance amount will always be in the nature of the guarantee deposit, with the exception of cases where the hotelier has clarified it is a guarantee. If the hotel owner has requested an advance payment, the conclusion of the hotel contract will not be final until the introduction of the amount has not been or demonstrated proof of payment.
b) The hotel owner will make acknowledgment of receipt of advance payment of hotel reservation within 24 hours of receipt.
c) the amount o be paid by prepayment of hotel reservations is normal price for the ordered services (room, food, etc.) for a one-night accommodation in low season and three nights in high season.
Documents of hotel booking
1) The principle of the voucher acceptance: The hotel owner is entitled to either to require prepayment or a partial prepayment. If he refuses to such power that he is willing to accept a voucher. Travel agent recognizes the voucher as a payment guarantee, payable according to conventional norms and conditions.
2) The simple voucher. The benefits to be shown in detail, especially arrival and departure dates, they can only include normal services (room and food).
3) Voucher "full credit". Emissions of this coupon can pass an extension of the normal hotel services, must be subordinated to a specific agreement between hoteliers and travel agents.
Payments to the hotelier
The prices are determined the hotelier to the agent for the services so that the subject matter of the hotel contract will not be, at least more of them at the hotel used to direct customers when the invoice is paid by the agent or settled directly by the traveler. When the hotel owner has arranged special prices in phases of hotel reservations, he will not be able to demand higher penalties than the agreed price.
The hotel owner undertakes to respect the prices that match the contract. In the event of a change in prices a 30-day adaptation term is reserved for use by the new prices. This price change will not be used for hotel reservations already confirmed.
The advantages travel agent to pay are those that appear in the reservation document addressed to the hotel owner.
a) Except in cases it has been agreed that the invoice be paid directly by the traveler is a travel agent who has signed the hotel contract that should deduct the invoice.
b) payment of the invoice will be made by the agreed terms or, in the absence of a contractual provision for a 30-day frame after receipt of invoice. After the 30 days, the amount due plus interest set at percentages for each month of delay. The opening amount of the payment will increase by 5% for recycling expenses.
c) For long-term accommodation, the hotel will a be able to ask the travel agent to pay over accommodation, the share of services already provided.
d) To Where hotel booking from travel agent services if the payment can be performed directly by the client, the hotel owner agrees to guarantee the agent's commission. For such reason the hotel owner can refuse to receive payment using a credit card.
Glossary of terms used in hotels booking
Travel Agent: Each person or qualified society, according to legal dispositions in the same country or the national federation or of the interested International Federation, which in particular has a special activity for make hotel reservation for hotel rooms and other services in hotels solving travelers.
Hotel: Considered all the facilities that offer vacancies and is connected the AIH, either directly through a national association, and to classify them according to the legal orders of the country where they are located.
Advance: according to of the parts, the amount of advance requested by the hotel to be worth as security for deposits to act in booking hotels.
Offseason: defined under to local customs, subject to the special agreements under the conditions of the local market.
Hotel Contract: Contract to which a hotel agrees with an agency to providing hotel services – followed by a hotel reservation – a customer of the above agent.
Guarantee deposit: advance the introduction of the travel agent to the hotel owner, at the time of hotel booking, a part of the price, it can be assumed from the total amount of the invoice, or should be refunded in case of hotel booking.
Hotel rates: lists of prices for different services, hotel, singly or together, officially published for travelers' use.
Individual travelers: customers who are not covered by special rates for group.
Group Travelers: number of persons traveling together, consider the agent and the hotel ownership as a unique entity obtains from hotelier over hotel reservation, special conditions and prices determined on a contract basis.
Voucher: A voucher is a document issued by a travel agency, which he agrees to pay the hotelier for the benefits to the agency customer. These benefits or their chief value will be listed in coupon. In case of non-use of all hotel benefits mentioned in the voucher agent's agreement is limited under the conditions mentioned in paragraph 42 the Convention. The copy of a coupon may also act as a confirmation.
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